![]() ![]() ![]() exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Aspergillus, niger. ResultĬhloroform Extracts of leaves, Stem and fruits of Helicteres isora L. Antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH method. Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus NCIM 2079, Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli NCIM 2109, Fungi (Yeast) Candida albicans NCIM 3471, Fungi (Mould) Aspergillus niger NCIM 545 are used as reference Strain for antimicrobial activity. When the liquid content reaches the siphon arm, the liquid contents emptied into the bottom flask again and the process is continued. Extraction solvents was heated in the bottom flask, vaporizes into the sample thimble, condenses in the condenser and drip back. ![]() Soxhlet extraction or hot continuous extraction: In this method, finely ground sample was placed in thimble chamber of the Soxhlet apparatus. The root and bark are expectorant, demulcent, astringent to the bowels, antigalactagogue, lessen gripping a cure for scabies when applied topically. is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine. The pharmacological activities of any plant is because of the presence of primary metabolites, secondary metabolites and its secretary products, comprising the phenolic compounds, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, carbohydrates, glycosides, flavanoids, steroids, etc. Many infections can be treated by phytochemicals possessing potent antibacterial efficiency. The increasing antibiotic resistance exhibited by microorganisms has led to the phytochemical screening of medicinal plants for antimicrobial activity. ![]() This study adds to that list the difference in ratios of extracted cannabinoids and their biological activities.Herbal medicines are used for the treatment of many infectious diseases throughout the history of mankind. Supercritical CO 2 extraction has the benefit of leaving no solvent residue, is considered more environmentally friendly, and is less hazardous than some solvents (e.g., butane). It also uses less expensive equipment and requires less training for operators. While a normal human cell line was largely unaffected by treatment with the extracts-suggesting they are safe-all extracts significantly reduced the viability of a human colon cancer cell line in a dose-dependent manner, with ethanol maceration exhibiting the most potent effect.īecause cannabis contains more than 100 cannabinoids in addition to THC and CBD, it is no wonder the most common extraction techniques are being compared.Įthanol is cheaper, tends to produce higher yields, and permits the extraction of larger volumes of biomass than supercritical CO 2. Antioxidant activity was high for all extracts except that using supercritical CO 2. The authors suggest using different extraction techniques when purifying different minor cannabinoids. Supercritical CO 2 extraction resulted in a bit more than half the amount of CBD compared to maceration in ethanol.Īnd the amounts of the extracted minor cannabinoids, cannabichromene (CBC), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) and cannabinol (CBN), differed significantly depending on the extraction method used.įor example, the highest amount of extracted CBC came with methanol maceration, while for CBGA it was maceration with ethanol. The highest cannabinoid yields came from the Soxhlet methanol extraction.Įxtraction yields for two more commonly used commercial techniques-maceration in ethanol and supercritical CO 2-were about half that of the Soxhlet method.Īll extraction techniques gave rise to similar amounts of total CBD (i.e., CBD plus CBDA), but the amounts of CBD alone differed considerably. The techniques included maceration in either methanol or ethanol, Soxhlet extraction in methanol, ultrasound-assisted extraction and supercritical CO 2 extraction. Extracts were derived from a high-CBD, low-THC European industrial hemp variety, Eco-Fedora 17. ![]()
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